It is no secret that the current state of Africa is riddled with
various crucial challenges in the twenty-first century that affect its
course of development for the years to come, and the primary factors that
create such challenges occur environmentally, economically, and socially.
According to the World Health Organization, due to the issue of climate
change, 250,000 people are expected to die annually between 2030 and 2050
as a consequence of its expected effects on malnutrition, malaria, diarrhea,
and stress (1), and over 56 percent of public health events on the African
continent were related to climate from 2001 to 2021 (2). Various extensive
areas of Africa will exceed 2°C in warming (3), and the Sahel region (the
transitive area between the Sahara Desert and Sub-Saharan Africa) has
already had temperature increases as much as 3°C (4). These percentage
differences may seem to be infinitesimal, but they will have drastic
regional environmental impacts, such as drought changing rainfall patterns,
and rising sea levels, which will make coastal cities like Accra and Lagos
extremely liable to destruction. Economically, it is commonly known that
Africa is primarily dependent on agriculture as a major source of income,
and even though Africa is expected to go on a growth rate of 3.8%, giving
it the second highest growth rate after Asia (5),